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Kites have been a source of entertainment for centuries for kids from cultures around the world. In this science project you will have a chance to build your very own kite, a simple sled kite. Then you will use it to investigate how kites fly. Will you find out the best way to fly your kite?

Make a simple sled kite to use in a series of experiments to test different variables important for flight.



Did you know that one of the most famous kite flyers of all time was a 10 year-old boy? His name was Homan Walsh, and without him the Niagara Falls Bridge would not have been built in 1847. Before building of the bridge could begin, someone needed to get a line from one side of the gorge to the other. Homan successfully flew a kite from one side of the gorge to the other, and his kite line was the first to span the gorge. After securing Homan's initial kite string, heavier and heavier line was fed across until a steel cable could be connected across the gorge so that bridge construction could begin. Homan was rewarded with a ten-dollar cash prize, which was a lot of money in 1847!

Another famous kite flying duo were the Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur Wright. Before building the first successful airplanes, they experimented with various designs by using kites. By making many different kite models of their airplanes, they eventually came up with a design that worked, and the rest is history.

There are many different kite designs. Some kite designs are very old, like traditional Chinese and Japanese kites. Some designs are very new, like the dynamic stunt kites used in sport kite flying competitions. These kites are made with modern materials and designs which make them ultra maneuverable. Kites come in all shapes and sizes, as you can see in Figure 1.


kites_img

Figure 1. This image shows several different kinds of kites.

How do kites, including the amazing ones flown by Homan and the Wright brothers, fly? As someone runs with a kite, the wind going head-on into the kite creates a force that pushes up on the kite. This force is called lift. This lift force goes perpendicular to the wind, and it pushes the kite up into the air. At the same time, another force pulls the kite back. This force is called drag and is caused by the wind catching on the kite itself, pushing the kite back in the direction that the wind is going (see Figure 2). Together these forces make the kite fly.

kite-lift-drag_img

                     Figure 2. This diagram shows lift and drag on a kite.



In this aerodynamics science project you will make your own kite for testing how different variables affect flight. The type of kite you will make is called a sled kite and is very simple to build. After you build the kite you will use it for a series of experiments, testing different variables such as speed, line length, tail length, and any other variable you want to test. Will you be able to figure out the best way to fly a kite?

  • Forces
  • Force of lift
  • Force of drag
  • Variables
  • Flight
  • Sled kite
  • How do you make a kite?
  • What forces allow a kite to fly?
  • What variables affect the flight of a kite?
  • Why do kites have tails? What do the tails do?
  • Printer
  • Paper
  • Scissors
  • Optional: Crayons and markers
  • Drinking straws (2)
  • Tape
  • Hole punch
  • Kite string (6 m long)
  • Meter stick, metric measuring tape, or metric ruler
  • Paper clip
  • Plastic grocery bag or other thin plastic bag
  • Lab notebook